Summary On Global Warming

Global warming: the gases in the atmosphere absorb incoming solar energy and the outgoing radiated energy of the earth, to varying extents. The so-called “green-house” gases are those that absorb the earth’s outgoing radiated energy, in effect acting like a thermal insulating blanket around the earth. In consequence of the gradual build up of green-house gases, arising from the activities of mankind, there has been a slight increase in the temperature of the earth’s atmosphere; this is known as “Global warming”.

The consequences of global warming are substantial. Greater melting of the polar ice caps will lead to higher sea-water levels, putting much low-lying land at risk from flooding. Warmer climates are also expected to dramatically alter the ecology of many parts of the planet.

“Green house” gases come mainly from fossil fuel combustion (production of energy), aircrafts and motor vehicles
In order of contribution to the global warming effect, the following green-house gases are the most relevant: carbon dioxide (CO2), chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), methane (CH4), nitrous oxide (N2O) and ozone (O3).

Options for reducing “green house” gases emissions
Ø Use of renewable resources for power generation, particularly the use of wind power.
Ø Reducing carbon emissions from motor vehicles with more efficient public transport.
Ø Reducing carbon emissions from aircrafts by making air travel more expensive.

The Kyoto agreement – the most important agreement on global warming. The world's primary international agreement on combating global warming is the Kyoto Protocol. The Kyoto Protocol is an amendment to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). Countries that ratify this protocol commit to reduce their emissions of CO2 and five other greenhouse gases, or engage in emissions trading if they maintain or increase emissions of these gases. Developing countries are exempt from meeting emission standards in Kyoto. This includes China and India, the second and third largest emitters of CO2, behind the United States.